Some useful Spanish adjectives and their opposites

Here is a short list of some useful and common adjectives for beginner level in Spanish.

English		Spanish
alive	dead	vivo	muerto
beautiful	ugly	hermoso	feo
big	small	grande	pequeño
bitter	sweet	amargo	dulce
cheap	expensive	barato	caro
clean	dirty	limpio	sucio
curly	straight	rizado	lizo
difficult	easy	difícil	fácil
good	bad	bueno	malo
early	late	temprano	tarde
fat	thin	gordo	delgado
full	empty	lleno	vacío
hot	cold	caliente	frío
happy	sad/unhappy	feliz	triste
hardworking	lazy	trabajoso	perezoso
new	old	nuevo	viejo
nice	nasty	majo	bruto
intelligent	stupid	inteligente	estúpido
interesting	boring	interesante	aburrido
light	heavy	ligero	pesado
polite	rude/impolite	cortés	grosero
poor	rich	pobre	rico
quiet	noisy	tranquilo	ruidoso
right	wrong	correcto	incorrecto
safe	dangerous	seguro	peligroso
short	long	corto	largo
soft	hard	blando	duro
single	married	soltero	casado
well	ill/unwell	bien	malo
white	black	blanco	negro

How to use the expression "lo de" in Spanish?

The expression lo de + a noun, adverb or infinitive is frequently used in Spanish and has several possible English translations.

Lo de estudiar me cansa.
All this business about studying tires me.

En un televisor lo importante es lo de adentro.
In a television, the important part is what's inside.

The definite article is used with parts of the body and clothing

The definite article is used with parts of the body and clothing instead of the possessive adjective.

Debes ponerte el impermeable cuando está lloviendo.
You should put on your raincoat when it's raining.

Me lavé la cara.
I washed my face.

Los estudiantes levantaron la mano.
The students raised their hands.

Spanish comparison of ideas

When the ideas are compared, de lo que is used where the single English word than suffices.

Este señor trabaja más de lo que ustedes piensan.
This gentleman works more than you think.

The Spanish expression "tan como"

In comparisons of equality, the English formula as + adverb/ adjective + as is translated into Spanish by tan + adverb/ adjective + como.

Ella no habla tan claramente como él.
She doesn't speak as clearly as he.

Ana no es tan bella como María.
Anne is not as pretty as Mary.

Comparison of adverbs in Spanish

Adverbs are compared like adjectives. Only four adverbs have irregular comparative forms.

mucho a lot, very
poco little

bien well
mal badly

más more
menos less

mejor better
peor worse

Este estudiante habla mejor que yo.
This student speaks better than I.

Carmen trabaja menos que la otra enfermera.
Carmen works less than the other nurse.

100 most common Spanish verbs - Part 4

	Meaning	Sample sentence
aceptar	to accept, approve, to agree to	No acepto la oferta (I'm not accepting the offer)
realizar	to carry out	Realizó una magnifica labor (She did a magnificent job)
suponer	to suppose	Supongo que se habrá ido (I supposed he's gone)
comprender	to understand, comprehend	No comprendo la instrucción (I don't understand the instruction)
lograr	to get, obtain, to achieve, attain	Logró el quinto puesto (She managed fifth place)
explicar	to explain	Explícame qué fue lo que pasó (Explain me what happened)
preguntar	to ask, inquire	¡Deja de preguntar, por favor! (Please stop asking)
tocar	to touch, to play (an instrument)	¡No me toques! (Don't touch me!)
reconocer	to recognize	No te reconocí (I didn't recognize you)
estudiar	to study	Sigo estudiando (I'm still studying)
alcanzar	to reach, catch up	No alcanzo las cajas (I can't reach the boxes)
nacer	to be born	Nací en 1991 (I was born in 1991)
dirigir	to direct	Hay que dirigir todos nuestros esfuerzos hacia este fin (We must direct all our efforts to this end)
correr	to run	Tuve que correr para no llegar tarde (I had to run so as not to arrive late)
utilizar	to use, utilize	La están utilizando (She's being used)
pagar	to pay, pay for	Hay que pagar antes de entrar (You have to pay first before entering)
ayudar	to help	Ayudan a empresas en apuros (They help companies in difficulty)
gustar	to please, be pleasing	Me gusta el rojo (I like the red one)
jugar	to play (a game or sport)	Los niños juegan después de la clase (The children play after class)
escuchar	to listen, hear	Escúchame cuando te hablo (Listen to me when I'm talking to you)
cumplir	to fulfil, carry out	Siempre cumple su promesa (He always keeps his promise)
ofrecer	to offer	Me ofreció un té (He offered us tea)
descubrir	to discover	Descubrí que me estaba mintiendo (I discovered he's lying to me)
levantar	to raise, to lift	Que levante la mano quien quiere irse (Those who want to go, please raise your hand)
intentar	to try, attempt	Hay que intentarlo otra vez (We have to try it again)

100 most common Spanish verbs - Part 3

	Meaning	Sample sentence
terminar	to finish, end	Terminaron el trabajo muy pronto (They finished off the work too soon)
permitir	to permit, allow	Sus padres no le permiten salir muy tarde (Her parents don't allow her to go out late)
aparecer	to appear, show up	La fecha de compra aparece en la factura (The sale date appears in the invoice)
conseguir	to get, obtain	Siempre consigo lo que quiero (I always get what I want)
comenzar	to begin, start, commence	Comencé a darme cuenta del error (I started to notice the error)
servir	to serve	Seguiré sirviendo al pueblo (I will continue to serve the people)
sacar	to take out, stick out	Saca al perro de aquí (take the dog out of here)
necesitar	to need, require	Necesito tu ayuda (I need your help)
mantener	to maintain, get	Mantener las tradiciones (Maintain the traditions)
resultar	to turn out (to be)	Resulté ser yo quien tuviera que hacerlo (I turned out to be the one who had to do it)
leer	to read	¿tú lees la biblia? (Do you read the bible?)
caer	to fall	Los precios caen (Prices fall)
cambiar	to change	Estamos pensando en cambiar el color de la pared (We're thinking of changing the wall's color)
presentar	to introduce	Te presentaré a mis padres (I'll introduce you to my parents)
crear	to create, to make	El bloqueo ha creado una situación insostenible (The blockade has created an untenable situation)
abrir	to open	La tienda no abre por la mañana (The store doesn't open in the morning)
considerar	to consider	Considero que es injusto (I consider it unfair)
oír	to hear	¿Me oyes? (Do you hear me?)
acabar	to finish, end	Acabaron con la comida en un minuto (They finished off the food within a minute)
convertir	to convert, change	Convirtieron la habitación en un despacho (They converted the room into an office)
ganar	to win, gain, earn, get, acquire	Ganaron la partida (They won the game)
formar	to form, shape, fashion, make	Formaron la organización (They formed the organization)
traer	to bring, to get, fetch, to carry	Tráeme un vaso de agua (Bring me a glass of water)
partir	to divide, to leave	Parte el pan por la mitad (Cut the bread in half)
morir	to die	Muchas personan mueren por cáncer (Many people die of cancer)

100 most common Spanish verbs - Part 2

	Meaning	Sample sentence
venir	to come	No puedo venir con vosotros (I can't come with you)
pensar	to think	No quiero pensar en nuestros problemas (I don't want to think about our problems)
salir	to leave, go out	Debemos salir cuanto antes (We have to leave as soon as possible)
volver	to return, go back, come back	Dice que nunca más volverá (He says that he won't ever come back)
tomar	to take, drink	Toma lo que quieras (Take whatever you want)
conocer	to know (people, places)	Te conozco (I know you)
vivir	to live	Vivimos tres años en España (We lived for three years in Spain)
sentir	to feel, regret	Siento frío (I'm cold)
tratar	to treat, handle	Su novio la trata muy mal (Her boyfriend treats her very badly)
mirar	to watch, look at	Estaba mirando la foto (She was looking at the photo)
contar	to count, relate, tell	Cuenta cuántos alumnos hay en la clase (Count how many pupils there are in the class)
empezar	to begin, start	La misa empieza a las nueve (The mass starts at nine)
esperar	to wait for, to hope	Te espero en el parque (I'll be waiting for you in the park)
buscar	to search for, look for	Tuvimos que buscarlo por todas partes (We had to look for it everywhere)
existir	to exist	Esta empresa existe desde hace diez años (The company has been in existence for 10 years)
entrar	to enter, go in, come in	Entré en el despacho (I went into the office)
trabajar	to work	No trabajo (I don't work)
escribir	to write	Escribe una novela (He's writing a novel)
perder	to lose	Estoy perdiendo la paciencia (I'm losing patience)
producir	to produce	Esta fábrica ha producido cinco mil vehículos en un mes (This factory has produced five thousand vehicles in a month)
ocurrir	to occur, happen	El accidente ocurrió cuando estábamos comiendo (The accident happened when we were eating)
entender	to understand	No entiendo lo que quieres decir (I don't understand what you mean)
pedir	to request, ask for	Pídele dinero a tus padres (Ask money to your parents)
recibir	to receive, to welcome, greet	No he recibido ningún regalo (I haven't received any gift)
recordar	to remember, remind	Recuerda que hay que terminarlo hoy (Remember that we have to finish this today)

100 most common Spanish verbs - Part 1

	Meaning	Sample sentence
ser	to be (permanent quality)	Soy alto (I'm tall)
haber	to have ( auxiliary verb)	He comido (I have eaten)
estar	to be (health, location, state)	Estoy feliz (I'm happy)
tener	to have	Tengo 3 hermanos (I have three brothers)
hacer	to do, make	Tú no haces nada (You're nor doing anything)
poder	to be able, can	Yo puedo ayudarte (I can help you)
decir	to say, tell	Siempre dice mentiras (He always tells lies)
ir	to go	Vamos a la playa cada verano (We go to the beach every summer)
ver	to see	No te veo (I can't see you)
dar	to give	No quiero darte problemas (I don't want to give you problems)
saber	to know (information)	Sé cuál es su nombre (I know what his name is)
querer	to want, love	Yo te quiero (I love you)
llegar	to arrive, come, reach	El tren llegará en cinco mionutos (The train will arrive in five minutes)
pasar	to pass	¿Me pasas la sal? (Will you pass me the salt?)
deber	must, should, ought to	Debes trabajar (You must work)
poner	to put, place, set	Puse los libros en la mesa (I put the books on the table)
parecer	to seem, appear	Parece que ha llovido tanto (It seems it has rained so much)
quedar	to stay, remain	Quedaron allí una semana (They stayed there a week)
creer	to believe	Creo que se han perdido (I believe they've got lost)
hablar	to speak	¿Hablas español? (Do you speak Spanish)
llevar	to take	Por favor, lleva los platos a la cocina (Please, take the plates to the kitchen)
dejar	to leave something	Podemos dejar el gato aquí (We can leave the cat here)
seguir	to follow, continue	Debes seguir la instrucción (You have to follow the instructions)
encontrar	to find, encounter	No encuentro las llaves (I can't find the keys)
llamar	to call, to name	Prefiero llamar por teléfono (I prefer to call by phone)